Covariate-constrained randomization routine for achieving baseline balance in cluster-randomized trials
Eva Lorenz
Institute of Public Health
University of Heidelberg
Heidelberg, Germany
and
Institute of Medical Biostatistics
Epidemiology and Informatics
University Medical Center
Mainz, Germany
[email protected]
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Sabine Gabrysch
Institute of Public Health
University of Heidelberg
Heidelberg, Germany
[email protected]
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Abstract. In cluster-randomized trials, groups or clusters of individuals, rather than
individuals themselves, are randomly allocated to intervention or control. In
this article, we describe a new command, ccrand, that implements a
covariate-constrained randomization procedure for cluster-randomized trials. It
can ensure balance of one or more baseline covariates between trial arms by
restriction to allocations that meet specified balance criteria. We provide a
brief overview of the theoretical background, describe ccrand and its
options, and illustrate it using an example.
View all articles by these authors:
Eva Lorenz, Sabine Gabrysch
View all articles with these keywords:
ccrand, covariate-constrained randomization, cluster-ran-dom-ized trials
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